Ubhasi womlomo omkhulu: le nhlanzi isibona kanjani isiyengo sakho
Ubhasi womlomo omkhulu: yimuphi umbala wesiyengo le nhlanzi ekwazi ngempela ukuwubona, ekujuleni kwakho nasemanzini akho. Izinhlobo zamakhoni ezingu-2, isiqongo ku-614 nm. Umehluko ohleliwe wemibala engu-54.
Micropterus salmoides
Kukaliwe kulolu hlobo
Iziqongo zamakhoni ziwukukala okuqondile kwalolu hlobo. Okunye konke kule modeli — i-optics yamanzi, umehluko, ibanga lokubona — kusengukulinganisela, futhi akukho kukho okubikezela ukuthi inhlanzi izohlasela yini. I-retina yalo isebenzisa i-chromophore ye-A2 (i-porphyropsin), edlulisela ukuzwela kwamagagasi amade kudlulele kobomvu kunalokho i-retina ye-A1 ebiyokunika khona. Izinhlanzi eziningi zamanzi amtoti ziyaguqula isilinganiso se-A1/A2 ngenkathi yonyaka nangokushisa, ngakho ukuzwela kwangempela kuyantweza unyaka wonke.
Ukuzwela kwe-spectrum
| Iziqongo zamakhoni | λmax | I-chromophore |
|---|---|---|
| Obuphakathi | 535 nm | A2 |
| Obude | 614 nm | A2 |
| Irodi | 528 nm | A2 |
Amarodi yiwo asebenzayo entathakusa, kuhwalala nasebusuku — okuyisikhathi abantu abaningi abadoba ngaso.
Ithebula leziyengo
Ubhasi womlomo omkhulu: kuhlelwe ngokuthi umbala ngamunye uvela kangakanani kule nhlanzi kulezi zimo. — Acwebile, 4 m.
| Umbala | Umehluko | Ibanga lokubona | Ukubona kwenhlanzi | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Omhlophe | 98 | 4.8 m | Thenga manje | |
| 2 | Chartreuse / omhlophe Umbala oyi-fluorescent | 97 | 4.8 m | Thenga manje | |
| 3 | Glow Umbala okhanyayo — awulingiswanga | 96 | 4.7 m | Thenga manje | |
| 4 | Chartreuse Umbala oyi-fluorescent | 96 | 4.7 m | Thenga manje | |
| 5 | Bone | 95 | 4.7 m | Thenga manje | |
| 6 | Isiliva ye-holographic Umbala wensimbi | 93 | 4.6 m | Thenga manje | |
| 7 | Clown | 91 | 4.8 m | Thenga manje | |
| 8 | Sexy shad | 91 | 4.7 m | Thenga manje | |
| 9 | Ophuzi | 91 | 4.5 m | Thenga manje | |
| 10 | Opinki / omhlophe Umbala oyi-fluorescent | 90 | 4.8 m | Thenga manje | |
| Uvela kancane kunayo yonke | |||||
| Omnyama / osasibhakabhaka | 29 | 2.3 m | |||
| Junebug | 26 | 1.8 m | |||
| Omnyama | 24 | 1.7 m | |||
| Onsomi / omnyama | 21 | 1.7 m | |||
Umehluko ubalwe ebangeni lokubuka elingu-1.0 m. · Ukukhanya okusinda kangcono kunakho konke lapha: 580 nm
Izixhumanisi zobambiswano: sithola ikhomishini ku-Amazon, ngaphandle kokuba ukhokhe okwengeziwe. Ukuhleleka okungenhla akuthengiswa.
Thola le mibala
Emithathu ephume phambili, iseshwa ku-Amazon yakho. Ukuhleleka okungenhla kubalwa ngamanzi nangenhlanzi, ngaphambi kokuba lezi zixhumanisi zibe khona.
Izixhumanisi zobambiswano: sithola ikhomishini ku-Amazon, ngaphandle kokuba ukhokhe okwengeziwe. Ukuhleleka okungenhla akuthengiswa.
Impahla eshiwo yileli khasi
- Ikhithi yeziyengo enemibala eyahlukene Bheka ku-Amazon
Injongo yokwazi ukuthi yimuphi umbala owinayo ukuba ube nawo ebhokisini.
Izixhumanisi zobambiswano: sithola ikhomishini ku-Amazon, ngaphandle kokuba ukhokhe okwengeziwe.
Lokho lawa manzi akudlulisayo
Idamu elinempilo ngesonto elizolile. Idiski elimhlophe linyamalala cishe ku-4.5 m.
Izinhlobo zamanzi
Izinhlanzi ozizingelayo
Imibuzo abantu abayibuzayo ngempela
Ubhasi womlomo omkhulu: ingabe le nhlanzi iyayibona imibala?
Yebo, kodwa kancane nje. Inezinhlobo zamakhoni ezingu-2, eziqonga ku-535 nm, 614 nm, ngakho inohlangothi olulodwa lombala lapho umuntu enezimbili.
Ivelaphi le datha?
I-microspectrophotometry eqondile, i-ERG noma ukuzwela kwe-spectrum okuhlolwe ngokuziphatha kwalolu hlobo.
Imithombo
- Kawamura, G. et al. (1981). Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 47, 1425–1432 — MSP: cones at ~535 and ~614 nm.
- Mitchem, L.D. et al. (2019). Current Zoology 65, 43–52 — SWS2/RH2/LWS opsin expression.
- Loew, E.R. & Wahl, C.M. (1991). Vision Research 31, 353–360 — centrarchid visual pigments.