I-zander (Sander lucioperca)

I-zander: le nhlanzi isibona kanjani isiyengo sakho

I-zander: yimuphi umbala wesiyengo le nhlanzi ekwazi ngempela ukuwubona, ekujuleni kwakho nasemanzini akho. Izinhlobo zamakhoni ezingu-2, isiqongo ku-610 nm. Umehluko ohleliwe wemibala engu-54.

Sander lucioperca

Kukaliwe esihlotsheni esiseduze I-tapetum lucidum

Alukho ukukala kwe-spectrum okwenziwe kulolu hlobo. Iziqongo zamakhoni zithathwe ku-Sander vitreus, isihlobo salo esiseduze esinendlela yokudla efanayo. Bhekana nokuhleleka kwemibala njengokukhombisayo kunokuba yikho impela. I-retina yalo isebenzisa i-chromophore ye-A2 (i-porphyropsin), edlulisela ukuzwela kwamagagasi amade kudlulele kobomvu kunalokho i-retina ye-A1 ebiyokunika khona. Izinhlanzi eziningi zamanzi amtoti ziyaguqula isilinganiso se-A1/A2 ngenkathi yonyaka nangokushisa, ngakho ukuzwela kwangempela kuyantweza unyaka wonke. Inayo i-tapetum lucidum — ungqimba olukhanyisayo ngemuva kwe-retina olucishe luphinde kabili ukubamba ukukhanya — yikho idla kahle kangaka entathakusa, kuhwalala nasemanzini anombala.

Ukuzwela kwe-spectrum

Iziqongo zamakhoni λmax I-chromophore
Obuphakathi 535 nm A2
Obude 610 nm A2
Irodi 535 nm A2

Amarodi yiwo asebenzayo entathakusa, kuhwalala nasebusuku — okuyisikhathi abantu abaningi abadoba ngaso.

Ithebula leziyengo

I-zander: kuhlelwe ngokuthi umbala ngamunye uvela kangakanani kule nhlanzi kulezi zimo. — Anombalana, 11 m.

Umbala Umehluko Ibanga lokubona Ukubona kwenhlanzi
1 Omhlophe
97
2.5 m Thenga manje
2 Chartreuse / omhlophe Umbala oyi-fluorescent
96
2.5 m Thenga manje
3 Chartreuse Umbala oyi-fluorescent
95
2.5 m Thenga manje
4 Glow Umbala okhanyayo — awulingiswanga
94
2.5 m Thenga manje
5 Bone
93
2.4 m Thenga manje
6 Isiliva ye-holographic Umbala wensimbi
90
2.4 m Thenga manje
7 Opinki / omhlophe Umbala oyi-fluorescent
89
2.5 m Thenga manje
8 Clown
89
2.5 m Thenga manje
9 Ophuzi
89
2.4 m Thenga manje
10 Sexy shad
86
2.4 m Thenga manje
Uvela kancane kunayo yonke
Omnyama / osasibhakabhaka
0
80 cm
Omnyama
0
80 cm
Onsomi / omnyama
0
80 cm
Onsomi
0
71 cm

Umehluko ubalwe ebangeni lokubuka elingu-1.0 m. · Ukukhanya okusinda kangcono kunakho konke lapha: 580 nm

Izixhumanisi zobambiswano: sithola ikhomishini ku-Amazon, ngaphandle kokuba ukhokhe okwengeziwe. Ukuhleleka okungenhla akuthengiswa.

Thola le mibala

Emithathu ephume phambili, iseshwa ku-Amazon yakho. Ukuhleleka okungenhla kubalwa ngamanzi nangenhlanzi, ngaphambi kokuba lezi zixhumanisi zibe khona.

Izixhumanisi zobambiswano: sithola ikhomishini ku-Amazon, ngaphandle kokuba ukhokhe okwengeziwe. Ukuhleleka okungenhla akuthengiswa.

Impahla eshiwo yileli khasi

Izixhumanisi zobambiswano: sithola ikhomishini ku-Amazon, ngaphandle kokuba ukhokhe okwengeziwe.

Lokho lawa manzi akudlulisayo

Umbalana omncane emanzini. Yisimo esivame kunazo zonke echibini.

1 m 11 m 33 m 400450500550600650700
I-K_d ukuncipha okusabalele kokukhanya okwehlayo; i-c ukuncipha komsebe ngokomugqa wokubuka. Ukuxuba lokhu kokubili yiphutha elivamile kulo mkhakha.

Izinhlobo zamanzi

Anombalana Anombala Anodaka

Izinhlanzi ozizingelayo

I-walleye Sander vitreus Ikhaphu evamile Cyprinus carpio Ubhasi womlomo omkhulu Micropterus salmoides I-pike yasenyakatho Esox lucius I-muskellunge Esox masquinongy I-perch yaseYurophu Perca fluviatilis I-perch ephuzi Perca flavescens I-roach Rutilus rutilus

Imibuzo abantu abayibuzayo ngempela

I-zander: ingabe le nhlanzi iyayibona imibala?

Yebo, kodwa kancane nje. Inezinhlobo zamakhoni ezingu-2, eziqonga ku-535 nm, 610 nm, ngakho inohlangothi olulodwa lombala lapho umuntu enezimbili.

Ivelaphi le datha?

Alukho ukukala okwenziwe kulolu hlobo. Iziqongo zamakhoni zithathwe esihlotsheni sohlobo olufanayo olunendlela yokudla efanayo.

Imithombo

Vula isibali · Indlela nemithombo